Colorectal Cancer: Blood Test For Early Detection
The incidence of colorectal cancer in adults under the age of 50 is steadily increasing across the globe, particularly in high-income countries. Hahn-Schickard, in collaboration with the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), is investigating new methods for detecting colorectal cancer using blood samples.
The research team introduced a new blood test that combines two known techniques: immunoprecipitation and multiplex digital PCR.According to Truong-Tu Truong, research associate and first author of the study, who co-developed the test with Klara Mikloska: “Promising markers for colorectal cancer have already been identified in blood in recent years. So the foundation has been laid.”
Yet, clinical application remains limited: “By combining existing cancer markers with our novel method, we are taking a decisive step closer to clinical application, especially since we are greatly reducing practical hurdles such as the amount of blood required.”
High accuracy with low sample volume
The technique achieves high sensitivity and specificity while using only 500 microliters of blood plasma, around one-fifth of a teaspoon. This low sample volume makes the test particularly suitable for broader application, including population-wide screening programs.
In a pilot study involving 32 patients with colorectal cancer and 29 control subjects, the test reached a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 90%. These values are comparable to existing methods but require twenty times less blood.
Next Steps: broader marker integration and awareness
The research team emphasizes the need for further clinical studies before the test can be integrated into standard diagnostics. Young scientist Judith Sum, who is advancing the project, is focusing on integrating additional biomarkers to improve accuracy further.
Beyond the laboratory, the researchers aim to raise awareness among younger populations about the growing risk of colorectal cancer. Their goal is to encourage preventive health behavior and promote timely screenings.
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